Namibia’s climate, rainfall patterns, and soil types vary significantly by region. Choosing the right crops based on location is one of the most important decisions a farmer can make. Crops that perform well in Kavango or Zambezi may fail completely in southern or central Namibia.
This guide breaks down the best crops to grow in Namibia by region, helping farmers reduce risk and maximise yields and profitability.
Northern Regions (Oshana, Oshikoto, Ohangwena, Omusati)
These regions receive moderate rainfall and support the largest number of communal farmers.
Best crops:
- Pearl millet (mahangu)
- Sorghum
- Cowpeas and beans
- Groundnuts
- Pumpkins and melons
Why these crops work:
- Drought tolerant
- Low input costs
- Strong household demand
Mahangu remains the backbone of food security in northern Namibia and is one of the most reliable profitable crops in Namibia for small-scale farmers.
Kavango East & West
Home to more than 10 green scheme projects in Namibia. The Kavango West & East regions have high rainfall and access to river water, making it ideal for both rain-fed and irrigated farming. Both regions have a very flat terrain and land that is very fertile for vegetable and crops production especially for small scale to large scale commercial farming.
Best crops:
- Maize
- Rice (limited areas)
- Tomatoes
- Onions
- Watermelons
- Bananas (small scale)
Opportunities:
- Year-round vegetable production
- Strong cross-border markets
Zambezi Region
Zambezi has the highest rainfall in Namibia, plain and simple. They have the most accessible water sources, from the zambezi river and also the chobe river. The Zambezi regions on paper is the one region in Namibia that is supposed to be very successful at rice farming, even at a larger scale.
Best crops:
- Maize
- Cassava
- Sweet potatoes
- Vegetables (cabbage, tomatoes, spinach)
- Groundnuts
This region offers the greatest potential for diversified crop farming.
Central Namibia (Khomas, Otjozondjupa)
Rainfall is lower and more variable.
Best crops:
- Sunflower
- Maize (irrigated)
- Vegetables under irrigation
- Lucerne (fodder)
Southern Namibia
Extremely dry, with limited cropping.
Best crops:
- Date palms (irrigated)
- Grapes (Orange River)
- Pumpkins
- Fodder crops
Understanding which are the best crops to farm in Namibia by region is the foundation of profitable farming. Farmers who align production with climate conditions consistently outperform those who do not.
Click here For a full breakdown of profitable crops, read our main guide on profitable crops in Namibia.